[1] Play

nguna-ngumay	ngaya	yani
that-ABL	1SG.NOM(S)	go+PP3

Then, I went on.

[2] Play

gugu	gugu-guman-guman	ngaya	birra-wa-yal	jana-ngu-n-da	jana-nggu	nganya	ngawa-yal
language+ABS	different-different-language+ABS	1SG.NOM(S)	tell,talk-RECIP-PURP	3PL-ngu-n-LOC	3PL-ERG	1SG.ACC	hear-PURP2

I intended/wanted to speak different/various languages with them so that they could hear me [i.e. my command of languages]. (jana-ngu-nda has a falling intonation, suggesting that the sentence ends here. Furthermore, ngawa-yal has slightly rising intonation, suggesting that the sentence still continues. That is, in terms of the intonation contours, 2 does not constitute one single unit. But semantically 2 may be considered as a complex sentence, consisting of two clauses. As usual, it is not known who 'they' refers to.)

[3] Play

nyi	wanyja-ngumay	yinda	nguna	gugu	muga-n
(error)	where-ABL+ABS	2SG.NOM(A)	that+ABS	language+ABS	catch-PP1

[They asked me,] Where did you catch [i.e. learn] those languages ?'

[4] Play

jamu	ngaya=guli	muga-gali-n	gugu-nggu
just	1SG.NOM(A)-alone	catch-ANTI-PP1	language-INST

[I answered,] I just learned [these] languages by myself.

[5] Play

bama	bama-guman-gu	yarru	gugu
(error(?))	man-another-DAT	this+ABS	language+ABS

[I(?) said,] This language [is] another man's [i.e. not my language].

[6] Play

gugu-guman	jana-ngu	wurrba-garra-n
language-another+ABS	3PL-GEN	speak-REP-PP1

[I said,] I [can(?)] speak another, their language. (When the tape was replayed, AP stated to the effect that wurrba- is not Warrungu. Indeed, wurrba-y Vint 'say, speak, talk' occurs in Jirrbal, Girramay and Mamu (Dixon 1972:408). (AP seems to have said that wurrba- belongs to a language (?) called gubu-barra. But literally gubu-barra means 'leaf-denizen', i.e. 'person(s) of bush', and it may not the name of any language.) AP replaced wuurba-garra-n with birra-wa-n, i.e. he gave 6'.)

[6']

gugu-guman	jana-ngu	birra-wa-n
language-another+ABS	3PL-GEN	tell,talk-RECIP-PP1

Literally, [(Someone and I (?)] talk/tell their, another language [to each other]. (AP probably intended to give a sentence which means 'speak a certain language', but this sentence is a reciprocal construction, and does not really have that meaning.)

[7] Play

yinu	ngani	gugu
2SG.GEN	what+ABS	language+ABS

[Someone asked me,] What [is] your language ?

[8] Play

ngaygu	warrungu
1SG.GEN	Warrungu+ABS

[I answered,] My [language is] Warrungu.

[9] Play

nguna	ngaygu	gugu
that+ABS	1SG.GEN	language+ABS

That [is] my language. (Note that the narrator used nguna 'that' rather than yarru 'this' in this context.)

[10] Play

yinda	wara-yi	yinu	gugu	yinda	ngali	birra-wa-ya	{wa(r)aiete}
2SG.NOM(S)	one's own-COM+ABS	2SG.GEN	language+ABS	2SG.NOM(S)	1PL.NOM(S)	talk-RECIP+IMPERA

(The portion from the first yinda to the second yinda is pronounced with a hesitating intonation and possibly AP considers this portion an error, but I am not certain of this. {wa(r)aiete} seems an error. I suspect that it may have been intended as wara-yi-da 'one's own-COM-LOC'. If so, then the translation for the sentence would be 'Let's you and I talk your own language with each other in your (?) own [camp]. When the tape was replayed, AP replaced {wa(r)aiete} with wara-yi-bi 'one's own-COM-INTVSR', i.e. 'be one's own, do one's own thing'. I suspect that this form is really an error. For intransitive verbs formed with -bi have no inflected form that ends in zero. Here, the verb would be expected to take the imperative ending -ya, i.e. wara-yi-bi-ya. Then, the translation for the sentence would be much the same as that given above. Verbs that end in -bi often qualify another verb.)

[11] Play

yuwu

OK

[Someone said,] OK.

[12] Play

ngaya	nguni-ngumay	yani
1SG.NOM(S)	there-ABL+ABS	go+PP3

I went from there. (I can only hear {NoniNomajani} for nguni-ngumay yani.)

[13] Play

malan-da	ngaya	wan	wa	gunggarri-ngal	yani	malan-da
creek-LOC	1SG.NOM(S)	(error)	(error)	north-to	go+PP3	creek-LOC

I went north along a creek.

[14] Play

nguna-n-da	ngaya	ngalwagiri-ngga	ngaya	nguna-n-da
that-n-LOC	1SG.NOM(S)	Abergowrie-LOC	1SG.NOM(S)	that-n-LOC

(This sentence is not completed. For ngalwagiri, on the tape we have {Nalowagi(r)i}, i.e. with a vowel between l and w. Note that the narrator has already been to Abergowrie; see Tape 72/25, Sentence 248.)

[15] Play

nguna-ngumay	ngaya	yani	wabaja	{a:}	yurruyimbi-ngga	wuna-yal	wabu
that-ABL	1SG.NOM(S)	go+PP3	(error)		Yamanie Creek-LOC		lie-PURP

Then, I was going to sleep at Yamanie Creek. (Note that the narrator has already been to Yamanie Creek; see ??????) CHECK !

[16] Play

yurruymbi-ngumay	yani	gula
Yamanie Creek-ABL+ABS	go+PP3	upstream

From Yamanie Creek I went upstream [along Herbert River (?)].

[17] Play

banggurru-julba-y

turtle-jump-PP2

Turtle Jump. (AP said that the place called Banggurrujulbay 'Turtle Jump' (literally, 'Turtle jumps/jumps') is on Herbert River and opposite Smoko Creek. The narrator has already been to Banggurrujulbay; see Tape 72/25, Sentence 137. AP also gave banggurru-julba-l 'turtle-jump-PP2' (literally, 'Turtle jumps/jumps'). This may indicate that the verb julba- 'jump' belonged (or belongs) to both the y-class and the l-class.)

[18] Play

banggurru-julba-y-ngumay	yani
turtle-jump-PP2-ABL+ABS	go+PP3

From Turtle Jump, [I] went.

[19] Play

wanggundila

Wanggundila+ABS

Wanggindila. (AP said that Wanggundila is a place up on Herbert River where there is a big cliff. The narrator has already been to Wanggundila; see Tape 72/25, Sentence 135.)

[20] Play

wanggundila-ngumay	jigirrjigirr
Wanggundila-ABL+ABS	Jigirrjigirr+ABS

From Wanggundila, [to] Jigirrjigirr. (AP said that Jigirrjigirr is a place up on Herbert River, about 4 or 5 miles below Wanggundila. jigirrjigirr also means 'willy wagtail' (bird sp.).)

[21] Play

jigirrjigirr-ngumay	yani	(very brief pause)	balabala
Jigirrjigirr-ABL+ABS	go+PP3		Balabala+ABS

From Jigirrjigirr, [I] went. [The place is] Balabala. (I cannot hear the second girr of jigirrjigirr; the speech is blurred. AP said that Balabala is a place on Herbert River where there is a big hole in the river. In 1974, he said that it is in Girramay country, above Wanggundila and 40 to 50 miles above Flaggy (?) Creek.) The narrator has already been to Balabala ??? CHECK !!!

[22] Play

balabala-ngumay	yani
Balabala-ABL+ABS	go+PP3

From Balabala, [I] went.

[23] Play

wabajal

Smoko Creek+ABS

Smoko Creek. (On the tape, I hear a schwa-like vowel word-finally. Note that the narrator has already been to Smoko Creek; see Tape 72/25, Sentence 638.)

[24] Play

wabajal-ngumay	ngaya	yani
Smoko Creek-ABL+ABS	1SG.NOM(S)	go+PP3

From Smoko Creek I went. (For what AP said to be ngaya, I can only hear a nasalized schwa or the like.)

[25] Play

bajubala

Kirrama Station+ABS

Kirrama Station. (The narrator has already been to Kirrama Station. CHECK !!!)

[26] Play

bajubala-ngumay	yani
Kirrama Station-ABL+ABS	go+PP3

From Kirrama Station, [I] went. (At this point, I turned the tape recorder off.)

[27] Play

banggarra-wu	banggarra-wu	ngaya	yani
Banggarra-DAT	Banggara-DAT	1SG.NOM(S)	go+PP3

I went to Bangarra. (AP said that Banggarra is a place near Cashmere and Tiger Mountain (?). In 1974, he said it is Cameron Hill. banggarra means 'blue tongue lizard'. There is a blue tongue myth associated with this place. The myth explains the origin of water: the blue tongue lizard was the original possessor of water.) The narrator has already been to Banggarra ???

[28] Play

nguna-ngumay	ngaya	banju-n	banggarra
that-ABL	1SG.NOM(A)	ask-PP1	Blue Tongue Lizard+ABS

Then, I asked Blue Tongue Lizard. (There is virtually no pause between 27 and 28, but they appear to have separate intonation contours. In this sentence the narrator is pretending that he is visiting the mythical world.)

[29] Play

gamu	wanyja-ngumay	yurra	juga-l
water+ABS	where-ABL+ABS	2PL.NOM(A)	dip-PP2

Lit. 'You dip (a billy can and get) water from where ?', i.e. 'Where do you get water from ?'

[30] Play

nyawa	gadala
NEG	dry+ABS

[Blue Tongue Lizard answered,] No. [This place is] dry [i.e. there is no water here]. (Blue Tongue Lizard has told a lie, as the following story will reveal.)

[31] Play

ngana	yagu	muja-n
1PL.NOM(A)	grass+ABS	eat-PP1

[Blue Tongue Lizard said,] We eat grass [to get moist from it].

[32] Play

yagu-nggu	ngana	muja-gali	yarru-n-da
grass-INST	1PL.NOM(S)	eat-ANTI-PP2	this-n-LOC

[The Blue Tongue Lizard said,] We eat grass here. (The verb may have -n 'PP1', but the pronunciation is not clear.)

[33] Play

nguni	yuri	nyaga	yinda
there	kangaroo	see+IMPERA	2SG.NOM(A)

[Blue Tongue Lizard said,] Look at the kangaroos there.

[34] Play

wa

ya

wu

bang

ngani

gurrgija

barngan

jundul

warujala

nguni

jana

yagu-nggu

baja-gali-n

ngarru-mba-gali-n

gamu-wu

(error)

(error)

(error)

(error)

what+ABS

water rat+ABS

kangaroo rat+ABS

pademelon+ABS

gorge wallaby+ABS

there

3PL.NOM(S)

grass-INST

bite-ANTI-PP1

in vain-TRVSR-ANTI-PP1

water-DAT

[Blue Tongue Lizard said,] Whatisname, water rats, kangaroo rats, pademelons, gorge wallabies there -- they are chewing grass and trying in vain to get water. (There is virtually no pause between 33 and 34, but they seem to have separate intonation contours.)

[35] Play

wanyja-ngal	nguna-ngumay	yani
where-to	that-ABL+ABS	go+PP3

[I asked Blue Tongue Lizard, or, I wondered,] Where are [they] going from there ?

[36] Play

galu	ngun	ngundu=wa	nguni=wa	galu	gamu-wu	yangga-gali-n	biru-ngga
mouse+ABS	(error)	over there=CLI	there=CLI	mouse+ABS	water-DAT	search-ANTI-PP1	gully-LOC

There [two] mice are looking for water in the gully. (In this myth, two mice look for water. This sentence happens to contain two occurrence of galu 'mouse', but repetition of a noun is not a means for producing its dual form. Similarly for 41. ngundu=wa is pronounced with a hesitating intonation, and possibly AP considers this inappropriate for this sentence; he said that ngundu=wa belongs to Jalnguy, the 'mother-in-law' avoidance language.)

[37] Play

biru-ngumay	biru-ngumany-ja	nyula	wuna-n	banggarra	ngarra-mali
gully-ABL+ABS	gully-ABL-LOC	3SG.NOM(S)	lie-PP1	Blue Tongue Lizard+ABS	up,on top-side

Blue Tongue Lizard is lying on top [of the water] in a gully. (Literally, biru-ngumany-ja would mean 'in/on something that is from the gully'. AP's translation for it is 'in a gully'. I do not know the difference in meaning between it and biru-ngga 'gully-LOC'.)

[38] Play

gamba-n	nyula	gamu
cover-PP1	3SG.NOM(A)	water+ABS

It [i.e. Blue Tongue Lizard] is covering [i.e. hiding] the water.

[39] Play

galu-nggu	nyunya	nyaga-n
mouse-ERG	3SG.ACC	see-PP1

The [two] mice saw/found it [i.e. Blue Tongue Lizard]. (At this point, I turned the tape recorder off.)

[40] Play

galu-nggu	nyunya	ngaya-n (rising intonation)	wuna	wuna-n	nyula	ngarra-mali	gamba-gali-n	gamu-nggu
mouse-ERG	3SG.ACC	see-PP1	(error)	lie-PP1	3SG.NOM(S)	on top-side	cover-ANTI-PP1	water-INST

The [two] mice saw it lying on top [of the water] and covering [i.e. hiding] the water.

[41] Play

galu	galu	yani	yani	yuray-yuray
mouse+ABS	mouse+ABS	go+PP3	go-PP	quiet-quiet

The [two] mice went quietly. (I tentatively consider yuray-yuray as caseless rather than in the absolutive. Adjectives which describe manner seem to take no case suffix when reduplicated.)

[42] Play

banggarra	balba-n	gamu	wadali-yal	malan-da
Blue Tongue Lizard+ABS	roll-PP1	water+ABS	run-PURP	creek-LOC

[They] rolled Blue Tongue Lizard over to let the water run out into the creek, or, ... so that the water would run out into the creek. ('let the water run out' is AP's translation.)

[43] Play

nguna-ngumay	yuri	barngan	gajarra	jana	wadali	gamu-wu	bija-gali-yal
that-ABL	kangaroo+ABS	kangaroo rat+ABS	possum+ABS	3PL.NOM(S)	run-PP2	water-DAT	drink-ANTI-PURP

Then, kangaroos, kangaroo rats, possums -- they [all] ran to drink water. (gamu seems to be {kamo}, i.e. the same as gamu.)

[44] Play

jarribara	jarribara
good+ABS	good+ABS

[Other animals said,] Good ! Good !

[45] Play

yarru	yinda	gamu	ngana-ngu	mu	balba-n	banggarra-nggu	gamba-nyji
this+ABS	2SG.NOM(A)	water+ABS	1PL-GEN	(error)	roll-PP1	Blue Tongue Lizard-ERG	cover-PTCPL2

[They said,] Lit. You rolled for us this [water] that Blue Tongue Lizard had been covering. (There is virtually no pause between 44 and 45, but they seem to have separate intonation contours. Despite 45, it is really Blue Tongue Lizard and not the water that the two mice rolled. Since two mice are involved, the dual form yubala '2DU.NOM' would have been expected. The participle 2 seems to have two variants: -nji and -nyji. Here observation of AP's pronunciation indicated that he used the palatal nasal, i.e. he used -nyji.)

[46] Play

yuwu	nguna=wa	nyula
yes	that+ABS=CLI	3SG.NOM(S)

(The meaning of this sentence is not clear. AP said that nyula refers to Blue Tongue Lizard. A tentative translation will be 'Yes, he is the one indeed', i.e. 'Yes, he is the bad one indeed'.)

[47] Play

ngana	balga	nguna	banggarra
1PL.NOM(A)	hit,kill+IMPERA	that+ABS	Blue Tongue Lizard+ABS

[One of them said,] Let's kill that Blue Tongue Lizard.

[48] Play

nyawa	wanda	jagu-lji	ngana-ngu	gamu-wu	mira-nga-gali-yal
NEG	leave+IMPERA	sorry-STAT	1PL-GEN	water-DAT	made-TRVSR-ANTI-PURP

(I do not know what this sentence means. Nor am I certain that 48 constitutes one single sentence. I do not know exactly what jagu- 'sorry' means here. I do not know what gamu-wu mira-nga-gali-yal means here; AP's translation is 'make water, find water'. My tentative translation is as follows:- 'No, leave [Blue Tongue Lizard]. It is sorry [for what it has done]. [It] will [always] get water for us [in the future].' Note that Blue Tongue Lizard is the original possessor of water.)

[49] Play

nyula	ngan	gamu	buyba-n	ngana	ngana-ngu-n-da
3SG.NOM(A)	(error)	water+ABS	hide-PP1	(error)	1PL-ngu-n-LOC

[Another of them answered,] It has been hiding the water from us. (Note the use of the locative: '(hide something) from (someone)'.) (At this point, AP said 'All right' in English, and I erased it.)

[50] Play

nguna	jana	gamu-ngga	yudi-garra-n
that,there+ABS	3PL.NOM(S)	water-LOC	swim-REP-PP1

There they are swimming about in the water, or, They, those [animals], are ...